Translation, Validity and Proof in PL
Solution, Question 5

 

5. Oxygen isn't a sufficient condition for fire. Fire not being present is a sufficient condition for chaos not being present. Therefore oxygen is a necessary condition for chaos.

Dictionary:

O: Oxygen is present.
F: Fire is present.
C: Chaos is present.

Translation:

~(O F)
~F ~C
C O
 

This argument is valid. (Verify with a truth-tree.)

Proof:

1. ~(O F) prem  
2. ~F ~C prem  
3. ~(~O v F) CE 1
4. ~~O & ~F DEM 3
5. ~F simp 4
6. ~C mp 2,5
7. ~C v O disj 6
8. C O CE 7